1910.05063
The impact of light polarization effects on weak lensing systematics
Lin, Tan, Mandelbaum, Hirata
A fraction of the light observed from edge-on disk galaxies is polarized due to two physical effects: selective extinction by dust grains aligned with the magnetic field, and scattering of the anisotropic starlight field. Since the efficiency of detectors and the response of optical devices depend on the polarization of incoming rays, this optical polarization produces both (a) a selection bias in favor of galaxies with specific orientations and (b) a polarization-dependent PSF. In this work we build toy models to obtain for the first time an estimate for the impact of polarization on PSF shapes and the impact of the selection bias due to the polarization effect on the measurement of the ellipticity used in shear measurements. In particular, we are interested in determining if this effect will be significant for WFIRST. We show that the systematic uncertainties in the ellipticity components are $7\times 10^{-5}$ and $1.1 \times 10^{-4}$ due to the selection bias and PSF errors respectively. Both of these systematic uncertainties are close to the WFIRST tolerance level, and hence more detailed studies of the polarization effects or more stringent requirements on polarization-sensitive instrumentation for WFIRST are required.
The impact of light polarization effects on weak lensing systematics
Lin, Tan, Mandelbaum, Hirata
A fraction of the light observed from edge-on disk galaxies is polarized due to two physical effects: selective extinction by dust grains aligned with the magnetic field, and scattering of the anisotropic starlight field. Since the efficiency of detectors and the response of optical devices depend on the polarization of incoming rays, this optical polarization produces both (a) a selection bias in favor of galaxies with specific orientations and (b) a polarization-dependent PSF. In this work we build toy models to obtain for the first time an estimate for the impact of polarization on PSF shapes and the impact of the selection bias due to the polarization effect on the measurement of the ellipticity used in shear measurements. In particular, we are interested in determining if this effect will be significant for WFIRST. We show that the systematic uncertainties in the ellipticity components are $7\times 10^{-5}$ and $1.1 \times 10^{-4}$ due to the selection bias and PSF errors respectively. Both of these systematic uncertainties are close to the WFIRST tolerance level, and hence more detailed studies of the polarization effects or more stringent requirements on polarization-sensitive instrumentation for WFIRST are required.
1910.05336
KiDS+VIKING_450 and DES-Y1 combined: mitigating baryon feedback uncertainty with COSEBIs
Asgari, et al
We present cosmological constraints from a joint cosmic shear analysis of the Kilo-Degree Survey (KV450) and the Dark Energy Survey (DES-Y1), conducted using Complete Orthogonal Sets of E/B-Integrals (COSEBIs). With COSEBIs we isolate any B-modes which have a non-cosmic shear origin and demonstrate the robustness of our cosmological E-mode analysis as no significant B-modes are detected. We highlight how COSEBIs are fairly insensitive to the amplitude of the non-linear matter power spectrum at high $k$-scales, mitigating the uncertain impact of baryon feedback in our analysis. COSEBIs, therefore, allow us to utilise additional small-scale information, improving the DES-Y1 joint constraints on $S_8=\sigma_8(\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3)^{0.5}$ and $\Omega_{\rm m}$ by $20\%$. Adopting a flat $\Lambda$CDM model we find $S_8=0.755^{+0.019}_{-0.021}$, which is in $3.2\sigma$ tension with the Planck Legacy analysis of the cosmic microwave background.
1910.05994
Realistic systematic biases induced by residual intrinsic alignments in cosmic shear surveys
Reischke, Schäfer
We study the parameter estimation bias induced by intrinsic alignments on a Euclid-like weak lensing survey. For the intrinsic alignment signal we assume a composite alignment model for elliptical and spiral galaxies using tidal shearing and tidal torquing as the alignment generating mechanism, respectively. The parameter estimation bias is carried out analytically with a Gaussian bias model and through running Monte-Carlo-Markov-chains on synthetic data including the alignment signal with a likelihood only including the cosmic shear signal. In particular, we study the impact of $II$ and $GI$ alignment terms individually as well as the more realistic situation where both types of alignment are present, and investigate the scaling of the estimation biases with varying strength of the alignment signal. Our results show that intrinsic alignments can cause substantial biases in cosmological parameters even if the coupling of galaxies to the ambient large is small. Especially $GI$-contributions strongly bias key cosmological parameters such as the dark energy equation of state. We also correct the analytic expression for the Gaussian bias model and find that the biases induced by intrinsic alignments are not accurately recovered by the simple analytic model.
Realistic systematic biases induced by residual intrinsic alignments in cosmic shear surveys
Reischke, Schäfer
We study the parameter estimation bias induced by intrinsic alignments on a Euclid-like weak lensing survey. For the intrinsic alignment signal we assume a composite alignment model for elliptical and spiral galaxies using tidal shearing and tidal torquing as the alignment generating mechanism, respectively. The parameter estimation bias is carried out analytically with a Gaussian bias model and through running Monte-Carlo-Markov-chains on synthetic data including the alignment signal with a likelihood only including the cosmic shear signal. In particular, we study the impact of $II$ and $GI$ alignment terms individually as well as the more realistic situation where both types of alignment are present, and investigate the scaling of the estimation biases with varying strength of the alignment signal. Our results show that intrinsic alignments can cause substantial biases in cosmological parameters even if the coupling of galaxies to the ambient large is small. Especially $GI$-contributions strongly bias key cosmological parameters such as the dark energy equation of state. We also correct the analytic expression for the Gaussian bias model and find that the biases induced by intrinsic alignments are not accurately recovered by the simple analytic model.
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